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docs/cosmos-puppet-ops.mkd
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@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
Introduction Introduction
============ ============
This document describes how to setup and run systems and service operations for a small to midsized This document describes how to setup and run systems and service operations for a small to mid-sized
systems collection while maintaining scalability, security and auditability for changes. systems collection while maintaining scalability, security and auditability for changes.
The process described below is based on opensource components and assumes a Linux-based hosting The process described below is based on open source components and assumes a Linux-based hosting
infrastructure. These limitations could easily be removed though. This document describes the infrastructure. These limitations could easily be removed though. This document describes the
multiverse template for combining cosmos and puppet. multiverse template for combining cosmos and puppet.
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Design Requirements
The cosmos system has been used to operate security-critical infrastructure for a few years before The cosmos system has been used to operate security-critical infrastructure for a few years before
it was combined with puppet into the multiverse template. it was combined with puppet into the multiverse template.
Several of the design requirements below are fulfilled by comos alone, while some (eg consistency) Several of the design requirements below are fulfilled by cosmos alone, while some (eg consistency)
are easier to achieve using puppet than with cosmos alone. are easier to achieve using puppet than with cosmos alone.
Consistency Consistency
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Consistency
Changes should be applied atomically (locally on each host) across multiple system components on multiple Changes should be applied atomically (locally on each host) across multiple system components on multiple
physical and logical hosts (aka system state). The change mechanism should permit verification of state physical and logical hosts (aka system state). The change mechanism should permit verification of state
consistency and all modifications should be idempotents, i.e the same operation consistency and all modifications should be idempotents, i.e the same operation
performend twice on the same system state should not in itself cause a problem. performed twice on the same system state should not in itself cause a problem.
Auditability Auditability
------------ ------------
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Authenticity
------------ ------------
All changes must be authenticated by private keys in the personal possession of privileged All changes must be authenticated by private keys in the personal possession of privileged
system operators before applied to system state aswell as at any point in the future. system operators before applied to system state as well as at any point in the future.
Simplicity Simplicity
---------- ----------
@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Administrative Scope
The repository constitutes the administrative domain of a multiverse setup: each host is The repository constitutes the administrative domain of a multiverse setup: each host is
connected to (i.e runs cosmos off of) a single GIT repository and derives trust from signed connected to (i.e runs cosmos off of) a single GIT repository and derives trust from signed
tags on that repository. A host cannot belong to more than 1 administratve domain but each tags on that repository. A host cannot belong to more than 1 administrative domain but each
administrative domains can host multiple DNS domains - all hosts in a single repository administrative domains can host multiple DNS domains - all hosts in a single repository
doesn't need to be in the same zone. doesn't need to be in the same zone.
@ -122,9 +122,9 @@ Consistency
----------- -----------
As a master-less architecture, multiverse relies on _eventual consistency_: changes will eventually As a master-less architecture, multiverse relies on _eventual consistency_: changes will eventually
be applied to all hosts. In such a model it becomes very imporant that changes are idempotent, so be applied to all hosts. In such a model it becomes very important that changes are idempotent, so
that applying a change multiple times (in an effort to get dependent changes through) won't cause that applying a change multiple times (in an effort to get dependent changes through) won't cause
an issue. Using native cosmos, such changes are achived using timestamp-files that control entry an issue. Using native cosmos, such changes are archived using timestamp-files that control entry
into code-blocks: into code-blocks:
``` ```
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ fi
``` ```
This pattern is mostly replaced in multiverse by using puppet manifests and modules that This pattern is mostly replaced in multiverse by using puppet manifests and modules that
are inherently indempotent but it can nevertheless be a useful addition to the toolchain. are inherently idempotent but it can nevertheless be a useful addition to the toolchain.
Implementation Implementation
============== ==============
@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ multiverse. Fabric provides the 'fab' command which will be introduced later on.
# apt-get install fabric # apt-get install fabric
``` ```
These two tools (git & fabric) are only needed on mashines where system operators work. These two tools (git & fabric) are only needed on machines where system operators work.
Next clone git@github.com:SUNET/multiverse.git - this will form the basis of your cosmos+puppet Next clone git@github.com:SUNET/multiverse.git - this will form the basis of your cosmos+puppet
repository: repository:
@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Finally create a branch for the 'multiverse' upstream so you can merge changes t
``` ```
Note that you can maintain your repo on just about any git hosting platform, including Note that you can maintain your repo on just about any git hosting platform, including
github, gitorius or your own local setup as long as it supports read-only access to your github, gitorious or your own local setup as long as it supports read-only access to your
repository. It is important that the remotes called 'origin' and 'ro' refer to your repository. It is important that the remotes called 'origin' and 'ro' refer to your
repository and not to anything else (like a private version of multiverse). repository and not to anything else (like a private version of multiverse).
@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ ssh as root. This requires that root key trust be established in advance. The ad
command creates and commits the necessary changes to the repository to add a host named command creates and commits the necessary changes to the repository to add a host named
$fqdn. Only fully qualified hostnames should ever be used in cosmos+puppet. $fqdn. Only fully qualified hostnames should ever be used in cosmos+puppet.
The boostrap process will create a cron-job on $fqdn that runs The bootstrap process will create a cron-job on $fqdn that runs
``` ```
# cosmos update && cosmos apply # cosmos update && cosmos apply
@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ Defining naming rules
--------------------- ---------------------
A naming rule is a mapping from a name to a set of puppet classes. These are defined in A naming rule is a mapping from a name to a set of puppet classes. These are defined in
the file 'global/overlay/etc/puppet/cosmos-rules.yaml' (linked to the toplevel directory the file 'global/overlay/etc/puppet/cosmos-rules.yaml' (linked to the top level directory
in multiverse). This is a YAML format file whose keys are regular expressions and whose in multiverse). This is a YAML format file whose keys are regular expressions and whose
values are lists of puppet class definitions. Here is an example that assigns all hosts values are lists of puppet class definitions. Here is an example that assigns all hosts
with names on the form ns\<number\>.example.com to the 'nameserver' class. with names on the form ns\<number\>.example.com to the 'nameserver' class.
@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ with names on the form ns\<number\>.example.com to the 'nameserver' class.
nameserver: nameserver:
``` ```
Note that the value is a hash with an empty value ('namserver:') and not just a string Note that the value is a hash with an empty value ('nameserver:') and not just a string
value. value.
Since regular expressions can also match on whole strings so the following is also Since regular expressions can also match on whole strings so the following is also
@ -323,11 +323,11 @@ Given the above example the following command would reload all nameservers:
Creating a change-request Creating a change-request
------------------------- -------------------------
After performing whatever changes you want to the reqpository, commit the changes as usual After performing whatever changes you want to the repository, commit the changes as usual
and then sign an appropriately formatted tag. This last operation is wrapped in the 'bump-tag' command: and then sign an appropriately formatted tag. This last operation is wrapped in the 'bump-tag' command:
``` ```
# git commit -m "some changes" global/overlay/somethig or/other/files # git commit -m "some changes" global/overlay/something or/other/files
# ./bump-tag # ./bump-tag
``` ```
@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ Add the ascii-armoured key in a file in `global/overlay/etc/cosmos/keys` with a
Removing an operator Removing an operator
-------------------- --------------------
Identitfy the public key file in `global/overlay/etc/cosmos/keys` Identify the public key file in `global/overlay/etc/cosmos/keys`
``` ```
# git rm global/overlay/etc/cosmos/keys/X.pub # git rm global/overlay/etc/cosmos/keys/X.pub
@ -465,4 +465,3 @@ On all hosts:
``` ```
# fab -- reboot # danger Will Robinsson! # fab -- reboot # danger Will Robinsson!
``` ```